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Related Experiment Videos

Insulin in the central nervous system.

R S Yalow, J Eng

    Advances in Metabolic Disorders
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Accurate insulin measurement in non-pancreatic tissues is crucial. Lower reported insulin levels suggest extrapancreatic synthesis is unlikely, with brain insulin levels influenced by peripheral transfer.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Neuroscience
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Previous studies reported significant insulin concentrations in non-pancreatic tissues, suggesting local synthesis.
    • Discrepancies exist regarding the true insulin levels in extrapancreatic tissues and the methods used for their determination.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To accurately determine insulin concentrations in non-pancreatic tissues, such as the brain.
    • To re-evaluate the evidence for extrapancreatic insulin synthesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Measurement of insulin concentrations in various species' brain tissues and IM-9 lymphocytes.
    • Comparison of reported insulin levels with newly obtained data.
    • Analysis of insulin precursor processing mechanisms in non-endocrine cells.

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    Main Results:

    • Reported insulin concentrations in non-pancreatic tissues were significantly lower than previously suggested.
    • Peripheral insulin transfer can influence brain insulin levels, particularly in small-brained animals.
    • Absence of insulin precursors and processing mechanisms in non-endocrine cells was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • The insulin found in non-pancreatic tissues is likely derived from pancreatic insulin, not synthesized locally.
    • Previous high concentration reports may be erroneous.
    • Extrapancreatic insulin synthesis is unlikely given the low concentrations and lack of precursor machinery.