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Why does experimental insulin deficiency lead to a decrease in removal of very low density-triglyceride from plasma?

L Verschoor, Y D Chen, G M Reaven

    Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme
    |February 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Insulin deficiency in rats impairs very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride removal via a mechanism independent of lipoprotein lipase activity. A factor in plasma hinders triglyceride clearance, suggesting novel pathways in lipid metabolism.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Endocrinology
    • Lipid Metabolism

    Background:

    • Insulin deficiency in rats is associated with impaired plasma removal of very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride (VLDL-TG).
    • Previous research suggested mechanisms beyond reduced lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity might be involved.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanisms underlying the delayed VLDL-TG removal in insulin-deficient rats.
    • To determine if a factor other than LPL activity contributes to impaired VLDL-TG clearance.

    Main Methods:

    • A sensitive in vivo bioassay system using estradiol-treated male rats was employed.
    • Removal rates of TG in nonfractionated plasma and isolated lipoprotein fractions were compared between insulin-deficient and control rats.
    • The effect of lipoprotein-free plasma from insulin-deficient rats on normal VLDL-TG removal was assessed in vivo and in vitro LPL activity was measured.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Main Results:

    • Nonfractionated plasma VLDL-TG removal was significantly slower in insulin-deficient rats compared to controls.
    • No differences were observed in the removal rates of isolated VLDL-TG or TG in other lipoprotein fractions.
    • Lipoprotein-free plasma from insulin-deficient rats significantly prolonged the removal of normal VLDL-TG without affecting in vitro LPL activity.

    Conclusions:

    • A factor present in the lipoprotein-free plasma fraction of insulin-deficient rats interferes with plasma triglyceride removal.
    • This interference is independent of lipoprotein lipase activity, suggesting novel regulatory mechanisms in VLDL-TG catabolism.
    • These findings highlight a non-LPL-dependent pathway contributing to dyslipidemia in insulin deficiency.