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Anaerobes as normal oral flora.

V L Sutter

    Reviews of Infectious Diseases
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Anaerobic bacteria are common in the adult human mouth, especially in the gingival sulcus. Their prevalence varies by age and specific oral sites, being less common in infants.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Oral Biology
    • Bacteriology

    Background:

    • The human oral cavity harbors diverse bacterial genera, including numerous anaerobes.
    • Anaerobic bacteria play a significant role in oral health and disease.
    • Understanding the distribution of oral anaerobes is crucial for oral microbiome research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the prevalence and distribution of anaerobic bacteria in various sites of the human oral cavity.
    • To identify key anaerobic genera present in different oral environments.
    • To compare the incidence of anaerobes in relation to age and specific oral locations.

    Main Methods:

    • Sampling of oral sites including gingival sulcus, gingival margin, tooth surfaces, buccal mucosa, tongue, and saliva.
    • Cultivation and identification of anaerobic bacterial genera.
    • Quantitative analysis of bacterial flora in different oral samples.

    Main Results:

    • Anaerobic bacteria are consistently found in adult oral cavities, with higher prevalence in the gingival sulcus compared to other sites.
    • In healthy gingival sulcus samples, anaerobic gram-positive bacilli (5%-14%), gram-negative bacilli (13%-29%), Veillonella (2%-8%), and gram-positive cocci (1%-15%) were identified.
    • Gram-positive bacilli, gram-positive cocci, and Veillonella are predominant anaerobes in marginal plaque and on tooth surfaces, while Veillonella are most numerous in saliva.

    Conclusions:

    • The adult oral cavity, particularly the gingival sulcus, is a rich environment for anaerobic bacteria.
    • Age and sampling site significantly influence the incidence and types of oral anaerobes.
    • Specific anaerobic bacteria like Veillonella are key components of the oral flora in plaque and saliva.

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