Fibromuscular dysplasia, a pitfall in intravenous digital subtraction angiography

Intravenous Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) is described in a patient with severe fibromuscular renal artery dysplasia. DSA identified only a mild renovascular stenosis, while intraarterial angiography demonstrated multiple severe stenoses alternating with aneurysmatic segments. This case confirms the limitations of intravenous subtraction angiography. Higher spatial resolution is required if small stenoses are to be ruled out.