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Adolescent menstrual irregularity.

M J Mansfield, S J Emans

    The Journal of Reproductive Medicine
    |June 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Anovulation, causing menstrual irregularities like amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea in adolescent females, often stems from an immature hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Clinical evaluation aids in distinguishing this from other endocrine or anatomic issues.

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive endocrinology
    • Adolescent gynecology

    Background:

    • Amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea are common menstrual irregularities in adolescent females.
    • These conditions are frequently linked to anovulation, often caused by an immature hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To differentiate transient menstrual irregularities due to HPO axis immaturity from other potential endocrine and anatomic abnormalities in adolescent females.
    • To highlight the importance of a comprehensive clinical approach.

    Main Methods:

    • Detailed patient history taking.
    • Thorough physical examination.
    • Selective laboratory testing.

    Main Results:

    • A systematic clinical evaluation can effectively distinguish between functional anovulation and pathological causes of menstrual dysfunction.
    Keywords:
    Adolescent PregnancyAdolescentsAdolescents, FemaleAge FactorsAmenorrhea--etiologyAndrogensBiologyCongenital AbnormalitiesDemographic FactorsDiseasesExaminations And DiagnosesFamily PlanningGenital Effects, FemaleGenitaliaGenitalia, FemaleHormonesLaboratory Examinations And DiagnosesMenarcheMenstrual CycleMenstruationMenstruation DisordersNeonatal Diseases And AbnormalitiesNeoplasmsPhysical Examinations And DiagnosesPhysiologyPopulationPopulation CharacteristicsPregnancyReproductionReproductive Control AgentsUrogenital EffectsUrogenital SystemYouth

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  • Early identification of the underlying cause is crucial for appropriate management.

    • Conclusions:

    • The immature hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis is a frequent cause of anovulation and subsequent menstrual irregularities in adolescents.
    • A careful history, physical exam, and targeted lab tests are essential for accurate diagnosis and management.