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Related Experiment Videos

Cigarette smoke, asbestos, and small irregular opacities.

W Weiss

    The American Review of Respiratory Disease
    |August 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Long-term cigarette smoke inhalation can cause lung abnormalities. Studies show smoking and asbestos exposure have an additive effect on pulmonary asbestosis frequency.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pulmonary Medicine
    • Occupational Health
    • Radiology

    Background:

    • Cigarette smoke inhalation is linked to diffuse small irregular opacities on chest X-rays.
    • Human and animal studies indicate cigarette smoke can cause pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.
    • Asbestos exposure is a known cause of diffuse pulmonary fibrosis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the literature for evidence of an interaction between cigarette smoke and asbestos exposure.
    • To investigate the combined effect of smoking and asbestos on the frequency of pulmonary asbestosis.

    Main Methods:

    • A review of 14 prevalence studies and 7 cohort studies involving asbestos workers.
    • Analysis of studies that included information on participants' smoking habits.

    Main Results:

    • A majority of reviewed studies indicated a positive interaction between cigarette smoke and asbestos exposure.
    • The interaction between smoking and asbestos in causing pulmonary asbestosis appears to be additive, not synergistic.
    • Smoking may increase the risk of pulmonary asbestosis by impairing the lungs' ability to clear asbestos fibers.

    Conclusions:

    • There is evidence of an additive interaction between cigarette smoke and asbestos exposure regarding pulmonary asbestosis.
    • Smoking may increase the retained dose of asbestos fibers in the lungs, contributing to asbestosis development.

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