Cranial sonography: anatomic and pathological correlation

Through the acoustic window of the anterior fontanelle, coronal and parasagittal sonograms of the infant and premature neonate are easily obtained. Supplementary axial images are obtained through the lateral skull vault. The normal anatomy of axial, coronal, and sagittal sonograms will be demonstrated by correlating normal infant brain images with cadaver brain slices at similar levels. The relevant anatomical structures will be identified and labeled. Pathological entities, i.e., intracerebral hemorrhage, brain tumors, arteriovenous malformations, hydrocephalus, and congenital malformation syndromes will be included. Neonatal ultrasound is an inexpensive, innocuous, and noninvasive technique for examining the brain of the newborn infant. It does not require sedation and can be performed either within the radiology department or in the newborn intensive care unit.