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Mortality from pneumococcal meningitis.

D R Baird, H C Whittle, B M Greenwood

    Lancet (London, England)
    |December 18, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Pneumococcal meningitis in Nigeria had a 51% mortality rate. Factors like short illness duration, impaired consciousness, and pneumonia increased death risk in these patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Neurology
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Pneumococcal meningitis poses a significant public health challenge, particularly in developing regions.
    • Understanding risk factors and prognostic indicators is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review patient records and analyze mortality associated with pneumococcal meningitis in northern Nigeria.
    • To identify clinical and biochemical factors predicting mortality in pneumococcal meningitis.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective review of 207 patient records admitted between 1971 and 1976.
    • Analysis of clinical data including history, consciousness level, and associated conditions.
    • Comparison of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical markers between survivors and non-survivors.

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    Main Results:

    • Overall mortality rate was 51%.
    • Factors associated with increased mortality included short disease history, impaired consciousness on admission, and concurrent pneumonia.
    • Elevated CSF levels of protein, lactate, fibrin degradation products, and polysaccharide antigen were observed in non-survivors compared to survivors.

    Conclusions:

    • Pneumococcal meningitis in this Nigerian cohort had a high mortality rate.
    • Clinical presentation and specific CSF biomarkers are important indicators of prognosis.
    • Further research and interventions are needed to reduce pneumococcal meningitis mortality in similar settings.