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Updated: Aug 12, 2026

Systems Biology of Metabolic Regulation by Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer
Published on: March 17, 2016
Metabolism of stilbene estrogens and steroidal estrogens in relation to carcinogenicity
Abstract:
The oxidative metabolism of diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 17 alpha-ethynyl estradiol, as examples of stilbene- and steroid-type estrogens, is discussed with respect to the formation of reactive intermediates. For DES, a genotoxic potential is implied by metabolic studies and positive effects in short-term tests for genetic damage. A particularly important pathway for DES carcinogenicity appears to be peroxidase-mediated oxidation. Although data for steroidal estrogens are more ambiguous, the available evidence suggests that metabolic activation by peroxidatic oxidation may also be of importance for this class of estrogens.
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