Ultrasonography and computed tomography in pseudomyxoma peritonei

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Medical Imaging
• Oncology

Background:

• Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a rare condition characterized by mucinous ascites.
• Previous imaging studies have established typical sonographic and computed tomography (CT) features.

Observation:

• Three patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei presented with atypical imaging findings.
• Sonography revealed a large, echogenic mantle of small cysts, gelatinous ascites, or bowel indentations by masses.
• CT showed masses mimicking ascites with mottled densities and pseudo-ascites with higher attenuation than water.

Findings:

• The observed sonographic features included a dense, echogenic mantle, gelatinous ascites, and bowel wall indentations.
• CT scans demonstrated masses with heterogeneous densities resembling ascites and pseudo-ascites with increased attenuation.
• These findings represent a significant departure from the classic imaging characteristics of pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Implications:

• Recognizing these atypical imaging features is crucial for accurate diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei.
• This case series expands the spectrum of imaging findings for pseudomyxoma peritonei.
• Enhanced awareness of these variations can improve diagnostic accuracy and patient management.