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[Mutagenic and carcinogenic action of antimicrobial surface-active substances]
Abstract:
The study on the mutagenic activity of commercial synthetic cationic, anionic, amphoteric and nonionogenic surface active substances with antimicrobial properties demonstrated that they had no mutagenic effect on the microbial test systems, i.e. the histidine-deficient strains of Salmonella typhimurium on direct contact and under conditions of metabolic activation in vitro and in vivo. The cationoactive preparation B Kh-14 with the benzyl radical adjoining the nitrogen atom and linear hydrophobic C13H27 with the amide group having a pronounced antimicrobial effect on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi showed no carcinogenic activity in the experiments with its long-term action on the urinary bladder mucosa and skin of rats, guinea-pigs and dogs.
Insights
Commercial surfactants with antimicrobial properties showed no mutagenic effects on microbial systems. Long-term studies also revealed no carcinogenic activity for a specific cationoactive preparation in animal models.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Microbiology
- Chemical Safety
Background:
- Antimicrobial surface active substances (surfactants) are widely used.
- Assessing the safety of these compounds, including mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, is crucial.
- Previous safety data for these specific types of surfactants may be limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the mutagenic potential of various synthetic surfactants with antimicrobial properties.
- To assess the carcinogenic activity of a specific cationoactive surfactant (B Kh-14) through long-term animal studies.
Main Methods:
- Mutagenicity testing using histidine-deficient strains of Salmonella typhimurium (Ames test) under direct contact, in vitro metabolic activation, and in vivo conditions.
- Long-term carcinogenicity studies involving topical and internal administration of the cationoactive preparation B Kh-14 to rats, guinea pigs, and dogs.
Main Results:
- No mutagenic effects were observed for cationic, anionic, amphoteric, and nonionogenic surfactants on microbial test systems.
- The cationoactive preparation B Kh-14 and the linear hydrophobic C13H27 compound did not induce mutagenicity.
- Long-term administration of B Kh-14 showed no carcinogenic activity in rats, guinea pigs, and dogs on skin and urinary bladder mucosa.
Conclusions:
- Commercial synthetic surfactants with antimicrobial properties are not mutagenic to microbial systems.
- The cationoactive preparation B Kh-14 exhibits a lack of carcinogenic activity, suggesting a favorable safety profile for its intended applications.