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Tracheal volume deformation in a developmental rabbit model.

S M Snyder, T H Shaffer, V K Bhutani

Biology of the Neonate

|January 1, 1984

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Continuous positive pressure (CPP) can cause tracheal barotrauma in developing rabbits. Newborn and young rabbits experienced persistent tracheal deformation after CPP exposure, unlike adults.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Developmental Biology
Respiratory Physiology

Background:

Continuous positive pressure (CPP) is used in respiratory support.
The effects of CPP on developing tracheal tissues are not fully understood.
Tracheal barotrauma is a potential complication of positive pressure ventilation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of continuous positive pressure (CPP) on tracheal volume in a developmental rabbit model.
To assess tracheal dimensional changes during and after CPP application in neonates and adults.
To determine if developmental stage influences susceptibility to CPP-induced tracheal barotrauma.

Main Methods:

An in vivo rabbit model was used, with three developmental groups: term newborns, 7-day-old pups, and adult rabbits.

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A 60-minute application of CPP (10 cm H2O) was administered to a bypassed tracheal segment.

Tracheal volume changes were measured using a micropipette system before, during, and after CPP exposure.

Main Results:

Tracheal volumes significantly increased in newborn (39.8%) and 7-day-old (36.1%) rabbits after 60 minutes of CPP.
Adult rabbits showed a smaller increase in tracheal volume (5.1%) under CPP.
Persistent tracheal volume deformation was observed in the younger groups during the 60-minute recovery period.

Conclusions:

Developing tracheas are susceptible to barotrauma from continuous positive pressure.
Persistent tracheal deformation indicates potential long-term structural changes in young rabbits exposed to CPP.
These findings highlight the risks of CPP in neonatal respiratory support and the need for careful monitoring.