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Variable clinical response to choline in tardive dyskinesia
Psychological Medicine
|August 1, 1984
Summary
Choline chloride showed limited efficacy in treating tardive dyskinesia, a neuroleptic-induced movement disorder. This study suggests potential pharmacological subtypes of tardive dyskinesia may not respond to cholinergic agents.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Movement Disorders
Background:
- Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is often attributed to a hyperdopaminergic and hypocholinergic imbalance in the striatum.
- Neuroleptic treatment is a common cause of TD.
- The efficacy of cholinergic drugs in TD treatment is variable, suggesting underlying complexities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the therapeutic effect of choline chloride in patients with persistent tardive dyskinesia.
- To explore the implications of patient response variability for understanding pharmacological subtypes of TD.
Main Methods:
- A controlled, double-blind, crossover study design was employed.
- Eleven patients with persistent tardive dyskinesia participated.
- Choline chloride was administered to assess its impact on TD symptoms.
Main Results:
- Partial or minimal improvement was observed in seven out of eleven patients.
- Two patients showed no change in symptoms.
- Two patients experienced a worsening of their tardive dyskinesia symptoms.
Conclusions:
- Choline chloride demonstrated limited efficacy in the overall group of patients with tardive dyskinesia.
- The varied patient responses suggest the existence of distinct pharmacological subtypes of tardive dyskinesia.
- Cholinergic probes may not be universally effective, necessitating further research into TD heterogeneity.