Exogenous surfactant therapy in hyaline membrane disease

Exogenous surfactant therapy appears to offer promise in the treatment and possible prevention of HMD. Laboratory investigations have begun to reveal the molecular basis for surfactant metabolism and the relationship of this complex process to alveolar stability and pulmonary function. There is every reason to encourage clinical investigation with surfactant therapy in parallel with further basic research. Nevertheless, pediatricians must proceed in small steps with carefully designed studies to address specific questions regarding both efficacy and toxicity. Results from various studies must be shared and discussed and every attempt must be made to eventually provide standardized, readily available preparations of known efficacy and toxicity. Efforts by many investigators make it seem probable that this goal will be achieved in the near future.