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Biochemical determination of training effects using insulin clamp technique
Hormone and Metabolic Research = Hormon- Und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones Et Metabolisme
|September 1, 1984
Summary
Trained athletes exhibit 45% higher tissue sensitivity to insulin compared to untrained individuals. Regular physical exercise can potentially lower insulin needs for diabetic patients.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Exercise Physiology
- Metabolic Research
Background:
- Insulin sensitivity is crucial for glucose homeostasis.
- Physical training is known to influence metabolic processes.
- Understanding exercise's impact on insulin sensitivity is vital for diabetes management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify differences in tissue insulin sensitivity between trained athletes and untrained controls.
- To investigate the effect of exercise on glucose metabolism and insulin requirements.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the euglycemic insulin clamp technique to measure insulin sensitivity.
- Achieved comparable plasma glucose and insulin levels in both trained athletes and untrained controls.
- Monitored glucose infusion rates, plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels, glycerol, and urinary catecholamines.
Main Results:
- Trained athletes demonstrated a significantly higher glucose infusion rate (10.70 mg/kg/min) compared to controls (7.37 mg/kg/min), indicating 45% greater insulin sensitivity.
- Plasma FFA decreased by 80% and glycerol by 20% during hyperinsulinemia in both groups.
- Urinary catecholamine concentrations remained similar between groups and did not change during the clamp.
Conclusions:
- Trained athletes possess markedly higher tissue sensitivity to exogenous insulin.
- Physical exercise may reduce insulin requirements in both insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients.