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Endometrial carcinogenesis and its relation to oestrogens
Pathology, Research and Practice
|September 1, 1984
Summary
Exogenous oestrogens are proven to cause endometrial cancer. However, the resulting cancer is typically well-differentiated and easily cured, with a high survival rate, contrasting with benefits for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Area of Science:
- Gynecologic Oncology
- Endocrinology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Epidemiological studies suggest a link between exogenous oestrogen use and increased endometrial adenocarcinoma risk.
- Oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT) offers benefits for preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review the epidemiological evidence on oestrogens and endometrial cancer.
- To assess the benefits of ERT against the risks of endometrial adenocarcinoma.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of epidemiological data.
- Risk-benefit analysis of oestrogen therapy.
Main Results:
- The evidence proving oestrogens cause endometrial cancer is conclusive.
- Endometrial cancers associated with oestrogen use are generally well-differentiated, non-aggressive, and highly curable.
- ERT demonstrates significant benefits in preventing postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Conclusions:
- Oestrogen therapy is definitively linked to endometrial cancer development.
- The risks of ERT must be weighed against its benefits for osteoporosis prevention, considering the generally favorable prognosis of oestrogen-induced endometrial cancer.
- Progestational agents may mitigate endometrial cancer risk but could increase cardiovascular disease risk.