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Monoamine oxidase inhibitor overdose
Annals of Emergency Medicine
|December 1, 1984
Summary
Phenelzine overdose in a young woman led to delayed toxicity, including hyperthermia and organ failure. This case highlights severe outcomes of monoamine oxidase inhibitor poisoning.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are antidepressants with significant toxicity risks.
- Phenelzine is a commonly prescribed MAOI with a narrow therapeutic index.
Observation:
- A 26-year-old woman experienced delayed onset of severe symptoms after a phenelzine overdose.
- Initial signs included excessive neuromuscular activity, progressing to coma and cardiovascular collapse.
Findings:
- The patient developed hyperthermia, acute renal failure, hemolysis, rhabdomyolysis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.
- These severe complications are consistent with known patterns of MAOI toxicity.
Implications:
- This case underscores the critical need for prompt recognition and management of MAOI overdose.
- Understanding the pathophysiology of phenelzine toxicity is crucial for effective treatment strategies.