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Updated: Aug 10, 2026

A General Method for Detecting Nitrosamide Formation in the In Vitro Metabolism of Nitrosamines by Cytochrome P450s
Published on: September 25, 2017
In vitro mutagenicity of rubber chemicals and their nitrosation products
Abstract:
14 chemicals employed in rubber manufacture were assayed in the Salmonella reversion test with the strains TA98 and TA100. Mixed diaryl-p-phenylenediamines were weakly mutagenic in TA98 after metabolic activation; poly-p-dinitrosobenzene was active in TA98 without as well as with S9. After in vitro reaction with nitrite at low pH, mixed diaryl-p-phenylenediamines became directly mutagenic in both strains, whereas poly-p-dinitrosobenzene retained its activity unchanged. Furthermore, 4 of the remaining chemicals acquired mutagenic characteristics: in the presence of S9, N,N'-dimethylpentyl-p-phenylenediamine reverted TA98 and hexamethylenetetramine reverted both TA98 and TA100; N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine was mutagenic in TA98 with and without S9; N-nitrosodiphenylamine was active in both strains without S9 and weakly mutagenic in TA98 after metabolic conversion.
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