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Calcium channel blocking agents in bronchial hyperreactivity.

J Solway

    The Journal of Asthma : Official Journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Calcium channel blockers like nifedipine effectively reduce bronchoconstriction. Nifedipine is more effective than verapamil, impacting airway smooth muscle and potentially mast cells.

    Area of Science:

    • Pharmacology
    • Respiratory Medicine
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Bronchoconstriction is a key feature of various respiratory diseases.
    • Calcium ions play a crucial role in the pathways leading to bronchoconstriction.
    • Calcium channel blockers are investigated for their potential to mitigate airway smooth muscle contraction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of nifedipine and verapamil in blunting bronchoconstriction.
    • To investigate the sites of action of these calcium channel blockers within the airways.
    • To compare the effectiveness of nifedipine versus verapamil in preclinical and clinical models.

    Main Methods:

    • Conducted clinical and animal bronchial challenge experiments.
    • Administered methacholine and histamine to induce bronchoconstriction.

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  • Assessed the impact of exercise and cold air hyperpnea on airway caliber.
  • Measured the blunting effects of nifedipine and verapamil on airway responses.

    • Main Results:

    • Nifedipine demonstrated greater efficacy in blunting bronchoconstriction compared to verapamil.
    • Nifedipine attenuated airway responses to methacholine and histamine inhalation.
    • Nifedipine reduced bronchoconstriction induced by exercise and cold air hyperpnea.
    • The precise mechanism remains complex due to the widespread role of calcium ions.

    Conclusions:

    • Nifedipine is an effective agent for blunting various forms of bronchoconstriction.
    • Nifedipine likely acts directly on airway wall smooth muscle.
    • Nifedipine may also influence mast cell mediator release, contributing to its efficacy.