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Updated: Aug 11, 2026

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses
Published on: September 28, 2018
Abstract:
When used in a loose manner to indicate distortive effects on associations among hospitalized patients, the term Berkson's bias denotes a special case of Simpson's paradox. If, however, Berkson's independence assumption is introduced, Berkson's bias affects only the "selected" subjects and not those "left behind" and tends to decrease the odds-ratio. Generally speaking, the model is valid not only for case-control studies but also for prospective and other investigations. By introducing a time dimension the model allows for the study of changes over time in Berkson's bias.
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