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Bone mineralization in infants.

W W Koo, R Tsang

    Progress in Food & Nutrition Science
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Infant bone mineralization relies on calcium and phosphorus. Deficiencies in these minerals, particularly in premature infants, are key causes of bone demineralization despite vitamin D supplementation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Pediatrics
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Bone mineralization in infants is primarily regulated by calcium and phosphorus metabolism.
    • This metabolism is influenced by birth stores and the absorption of dietary minerals.
    • Calciotropic hormones (parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D) are crucial for balancing mineral homeostasis and bone health.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the primary factors controlling bone mineralization in infancy.
    • To understand the role of calcium and phosphorus in infant bone demineralization, especially in premature infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of physiological controls of bone mineralization.
    • Analysis of factors affecting calcium and phosphorus metabolism in infants.

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  • Examination of clinical data on bone demineralization in premature infants.

    • Main Results:

    • Calcium and phosphorus are the major physiologic regulators of bone mineralization in infancy.
    • Deficiencies in calcium and phosphorus are identified as a primary cause of clinical bone demineralization in extremely premature infants.
    • The role of other factors like glucocorticoids in physiologic infant bone mineralization remains poorly understood.

    Conclusions:

    • Adequate calcium and phosphorus supply and absorption are critical for proper bone mineralization in infants.
    • Calcium and phosphorus deficiency are major contributors to bone demineralization in extremely premature infants, even with vitamin D supplementation.
    • Further research is needed to understand the broader physiological mechanisms influencing infant bone health.