Long-lasting ill-effects of neonatal qualitative and/or quantitative dysnutrition in the human

Qualitative dysnutrition (pure bottle-feeding) as well as quantitative dysnutrition (overnutrition as well as undernutrition) during the first trimenon of postnatal life was found to lead to long-lasting mental, psychic and/or physical ill-effects in the human. Females who were completely bottlefed during neonatal life showed significantly decreased school achievements as well as significantly decreased learning capacity and social adaptability at 16 years of age as compared to females who were purely breastfed or breast- plus bottlefed in neonatal life. Males who were artificially overfed during neonatal life also showed significantly decreased school achievements and significantly decreased learning capacity in adolescence as compared to males with normal weight development in neonatal life.