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Phytophotodermatitis.

G Kavli, G Volden

    Photo-Dermatology
    |April 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Certain plants, like those in the Umbelliferae and Rutaceae families, contain furocoumarins (psoralens) that cause phytophotodermatitis. These compounds, activated by UVA light, lead to skin reactions including erythema and hyperpigmentation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Botany
    • Photobiology

    Background:

    • Phytophotodermatitis is a skin reaction caused by certain plants.
    • Plant species from families like Umbelliferae (e.g., Ammi majus) and Rutaceae (e.g., Citrus bergamia) are known culprits.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify plant families and compounds responsible for phytophotodermatitis.
    • To explain the mechanism of plant-induced phototoxic skin reactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of plant families known to cause phytophotodermatitis.
    • Identification of photoreactive compounds (furocoumarins/psoralens).
    • Description of the phototoxic mechanism involving UVA radiation.

    Main Results:

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  • Furocoumarins in plants are responsible for phototoxic reactions.
  • Activation by longwave ultraviolet radiation (UVA) leads to skin damage.
  • Clinical manifestations include erythema, bullae, and hyperpigmentation occurring 24-72 hours post-exposure.
  • Furocoumarin content varies by plant part and age, with levels up to approximately 0.5 g/100 g dried weight in potent species.
  • Repeated exposure can occasionally result in photocontact allergy.

    • Conclusions:

    • Plant-derived furocoumarins are significant causes of phytophotodermatitis.
    • Understanding the phototoxic potential of plants is crucial for preventing adverse skin reactions.