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Related Experiment Videos

Oncornavirus: isolation from a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) lung culture.

R L Heberling, S T Barker, S S Kalter

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |January 21, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel oncornavirus from squirrel monkeys was identified. This retravirus contains 70S RNA and an RNA-directed DNA polymerase, growing in various cell types but not its native squirrel monkey cells.

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    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Retroviral Research
    • Primate Viruses

    Background:

    • Oncornaviruses are a class of RNA viruses.
    • Understanding primate-derived viruses is crucial for zoonotic disease research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To isolate and characterize a novel oncornavirus from squirrel monkey lung culture.
    • To determine the biological and biochemical properties of the newly identified virus.
    • To classify the virus based on its distinct characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • Virus isolation from squirrel monkey lung culture.
    • Density gradient centrifugation to determine viral density.
    • RNA analysis to identify 70S RNA.
    • Enzyme assays for RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity.

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  • Electron microscopy for morphological comparison.
  • Antigenic characterization and host cell growth studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Isolated virus has a density of 1.16-1.17 g/mL and contains 70S RNA.
    • RNA-directed DNA polymerase prefers Mg2+ over Mn2+ with a specific synthetic template.
    • Morphologically similar to Mason-Pfizer monkey virus but antigenically distinct.
    • Virus replicates in human, chimpanzee, rhesus, canine, and mink cells, but not squirrel monkey cells.

    Conclusions:

    • The newly isolated squirrel monkey oncornavirus exhibits properties consistent with a retravirus.
    • Its distinct antigenic profile and host range differentiate it from known primate viruses.
    • Further research into this retravirus may provide insights into primate retroviral evolution and biology.