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Special bacterial polysaccharides and polysaccharases.

T Harada

    Biochemical Society Symposium
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Soil bacteria produce unique polysaccharides like succinoglycan and curdlan. Curdlan exhibits potential as a food additive and possesses antitumour activity, while isoamylase aids in starch processing and sweetener production.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Biochemistry
    • Food Science

    Background:

    • Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes 10C3 isolated from soil produces extracellular polysaccharides.
    • These include water-soluble succinoglycan and insoluble curdlan, along with oligosaccharides.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the structure and properties of polysaccharides produced by Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes 10C3.
    • To explore the potential applications of these microbial polysaccharides and related enzymes.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation and characterization of bacterial strains and their extracellular products.
    • Structural elucidation using methylation analysis, enzyme fragmentation, X-ray, 13C n.m.r., and electron microscopy.
    • Enzymatic assays for isoamylase activity.

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    Main Results:

    • Succinoglycan composed of glucose, galactose, pyruvic acid, and succinic acid with specific linkages.
    • Curdlan, a (beta 1-3)-linked D-glucose polymer, forms a gel upon heating and shows antitumour activity.
    • Extracellular isoamylase from Pseudomonas amyloderamosa SB 15 is effective for starch structure elucidation and processing.

    Conclusions:

    • Microbial polysaccharides like succinoglycan and curdlan have diverse structures and properties.
    • Curdlan has potential applications in food production and medicine due to its gelling and antitumour properties.
    • Bacterial isoamylase is a valuable tool for carbohydrate research and industrial applications.