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Thyroid state and mitochondrial population during cold exposure.

F Goglia, G Liverini, T De Leo

    Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cold exposure significantly alters rat thyroid function and liver mitochondria. Thyroid hormones increase, boosting mitochondrial membranes and suggesting a dual nuclear and mitochondrial regulation mechanism.

    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Endocrinology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Cold exposure induces physiological adaptations.
    • Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in metabolism.
    • Mitochondria are key organelles for cellular energy production.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of cold exposure on rat thyroid state and liver mitochondria.
    • To understand the role of the thyroid in cold acclimatization.
    • To explore the regulatory mechanisms of mitochondrial changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Rats were exposed to cold (4°C) for 15-25 days.
    • Serum thyroid hormone levels (T3, T4) were measured.
    • Liver mitochondrial populations and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity were analyzed.

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  • Cellular volumes and cell numbers were assessed upon re-exposure to room temperature.

    • Main Results:

    • Cold exposure doubled serum total and free T3 levels and transiently increased T4.
    • Mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity increased.
    • Cold acclimatization led to increased mitochondria per nucleus and decreased protein content per organelle.
    • Cellular volume decreased in cold, while cell number increased upon re-warming.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid hormones likely stimulate mitochondrial membrane augmentation during cold acclimatization.
    • Mitochondrial changes may involve stimulation of protein synthesis.
    • The observed effects might result from dual nuclear and mitochondrial regulation.