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Evidence that glucagon acts on the liver to decrease mitochondrial calcium stores.

H M Baddams, L B Chang, G J Barritt

    The Biochemical Journal
    |January 15, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

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    Glucagon treatment reduces calcium (Ca2+) exchange rates in rat liver mitochondria, decreasing overall mitochondrial Ca2+ stores within cells. This contrasts with previous findings under different experimental conditions.

    Area of Science:

    • Cellular Biology
    • Biochemistry
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Glucagon is a key hormone regulating glucose metabolism.
    • Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) handling is crucial for cellular energy production and signaling.
    • Previous studies suggested glucagon might increase mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of glucagon on liver mitochondrial Ca2+ transport under physiological conditions.
    • To determine if glucagon influences Ca2+ release from intracellular stores in response to other stimuli.
    • To clarify the net impact of glucagon on mitochondrial Ca2+ content in intact hepatocytes.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolated rat liver mitochondria and perfused livers were used to measure 45Ca2+ exchange rates.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Experiments were conducted under steady-state conditions with physiological concentrations of Mg2+, ATP, Pi, and free Ca2+.
  • Isolated hepatocytes were incubated with glucagon, and subsequent Ca2+ release was stimulated by adrenaline or A23187.

    • Main Results:

    • Glucagon treatment led to lower rates of 45Ca2+ exchange in isolated mitochondria compared to controls.
    • No significant difference in Ruthenium Red-induced 45Ca2+ efflux was observed under tested conditions.
    • Glucagon pretreatment of perfused livers reduced the amount of Ca2+ released by adrenaline or A23187.
    • Incubation of isolated hepatocytes with glucagon resulted in a small decrease in steady-state 45Ca2+ exchange.

    Conclusions:

    • Glucagon's actions on liver mitochondrial Ca2+ transporters decrease mitochondrial Ca2+ stores in the intact cell.
    • These findings challenge earlier observations made under non-physiological conditions.
    • The study highlights the importance of experimental conditions in understanding hormone-mediated mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics.