Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
Graves' Disease I: Introduction01:28

Graves' Disease I: Introduction

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:23

Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Psychopharmacological treatment in borderline personality disorder: A pilot observational study in a real-world setting.

Psychiatry research·2020
Same author

Incomplete penetrance in familial Alzheimer's disease with PSEN1 Ala260Gly mutation.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology·2020
Same author

Use of amyloid PET/CT with <sup>18</sup>F-Florbetaben in the management of patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Hellenic journal of nuclear medicine·2019
Same author

Impact of pre-treatment variables on the completion of <sup>223</sup>radium-dichloride therapy in mCRPC patients with bone metastases.

Hellenic journal of nuclear medicine·2019
Same author

The paleoradiology importance in the study of relics: the unique densitometric analysis of a bone relic of Saint Nicholas.

Hellenic journal of nuclear medicine·2019
Same author

Extra-long and taper-free germanium nanowires: use of an alternative Ge precursor for longer nanostructures.

Nanotechnology·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented (CDE) Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury
07:27

The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented (CDE) Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury

Published on: October 21, 2017

Thyroid function tests in chronic liver disease: evidence for multiple abnormalities despite clinical euthyroidism.

M Borzio, R Caldara, F Borzio

    Gut
    |July 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Patients with liver disease show thyroid function abnormalities, including altered thyroid hormone levels and responses. Despite these changes, most patients remain euthyroid, with T3 levels correlating to liver dysfunction severity.

    More Related Videos

    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
    04:39

    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

    Published on: March 17, 2023

    In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse
    04:14

    In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse

    Published on: October 6, 2023

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

    The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented (CDE) Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury
    07:27

    The Murine Choline-Deficient, Ethionine-Supplemented (CDE) Diet Model of Chronic Liver Injury

    Published on: October 21, 2017

    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
    04:39

    Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

    Published on: March 17, 2023

    In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse
    04:14

    In vivo Characterization of Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Effects via Thyroid Hormone Action Indicator Mouse

    Published on: October 6, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Hepatology
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • Liver disease significantly impacts systemic metabolism.
    • Thyroid function is closely linked to liver health and function.
    • Understanding thyroid status in liver disease is crucial for patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate thyroid function abnormalities in patients with liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis.
    • To compare thyroid function test results between patients and healthy controls.
    • To explore correlations between thyroid function and liver disease severity.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured total and free triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), and thyrotropin (TSH) levels.
    • Assessed basal and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-stimulated TSH response.
    • Analyzed thyroglobulin antibodies and correlated thyroid function with liver disease markers.

    Main Results:

    • Liver cirrhosis patients exhibited reduced T3, free T3 (FT3), and T3/TBG ratios, alongside increased free T4 (FT4) and TBG.
    • Chronic hepatitis patients showed lower FT3 and T3/TBG ratios, with higher TBG and FT4 compared to controls.
    • Abnormal TSH responses to TRH were observed in both patient groups; serum T3 correlated with liver dysfunction markers.

    Conclusions:

    • Patients with chronic liver disease display diverse thyroid function test abnormalities.
    • Euthyroid status is generally maintained, likely due to compensatory adjustments in FT3 and FT4 levels.
    • Serum T3 levels serve as a potential indicator of liver dysfunction severity.