Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 9, 2026

Evaluation of Biomaterials for Bladder Augmentation using Cystometric Analyses in Various Rodent Models
Published on: August 9, 2012
An improved mechanical device for control of urinary incontinence
Abstract:
Results of tests on implantable artificial sphincters with a subcutaneous control unit encased in a plastic envelope were previously reported. The plastic deteriorated and in 12 to 18 months caused instrument failure. To obviate this failure, (control) units of titanium alloy with protruding levers were tested in 17 animals for a period of up to 6 months to determine whether fibrosis and tissue ingrowth would hamper the function of the control levers. The device was placed around the urethra distal to the bladder neck. It was set to obstruct the urethra against pressures varying from 40 to 80 cm of water. Erosion of the urethra did not take place. In no instance was the action of the subcutaneous control levers hampered by tissue ingrowth or fibrosis.
Related Concept Videos
Urinary Bladder
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...
The Micturition Reflex
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating urine...
Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

