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Related Experiment Videos

Vertebral pathology in the afar australopithecines.

D C Cook, J E Buikstra, C J DeRousseau

    American Journal of Physical Anthropology
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Early hominids may have engaged in strenuous activities like climbing. Analysis of vertebral elements revealed features resembling Scheuermann disease, suggesting a physically demanding lifestyle beyond basic bipedalism.

    Area of Science:

    • Paleoanthropology
    • Paleopathology

    Background:

    • Vertebral elements from early hominid fossils provide insights into their anatomy and health.
    • Understanding skeletal pathologies in hominids can illuminate their behavior and locomotion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To describe and analyze vertebral elements from the AL-288 and AL-333 hominid fossil collections.
    • To investigate potential pathologies and their implications for early hominid behavior.

    Main Methods:

    • Morphological description of ten vertebral elements from AL-288 and eleven from AL-333.
    • Comparative analysis of observed vertebral features with human pathologies, specifically Scheuermann disease.

    Main Results:

    • The AL-288 hominid skeleton exhibits marked kyphosis in thoracic vertebrae 6-10.

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  • Pronounced new bone formation, narrowed disc space, and osteophytosis were observed, consistent with human Scheuermann disease.
  • These findings suggest a locomotor repertoire potentially including activities beyond basic bipedalism.

    • Conclusions:

    • The presence of Scheuermann disease in early hominids indicates a physically demanding lifestyle.
    • Activities such as lifting, climbing, or acrobatic movements may have been significant in their repertoire.
    • This pathology offers clues about the biomechanical stresses experienced by early hominids.