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High density lipoprotein exchange reactions
The term human serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) represents a range of lipid-protein complexes which are identified by their density and hence their relative lipid-protein content. Because HDL composition is variable, any proposed mechanisms for lipid and protein exchange must account for this variability. More importantly, since HDL has been repeatedly shown to be a negative risk factor in atherosclerosis, physical interactions have to be put in a physiological context. In this review, the lipid and protein exchange reactions of HDL with other lipoproteins, phospholipid vesicles, lipid-coated glass beads and isolated cells, will be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of the two major apoproteins of HDL, namely apo A-I and apo A-II, in these exchange reactions and a model will be presented to explain how these apoproteins might mediate lipid exchange, interconversions of lipoprotein particles, and the egress and excretion of lipid from cells.
The term human serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) represents a range of lipid-protein complexes which are identified by their density and hence their relative lipid-protein content. Because HDL composition is variable, any proposed mechanisms for lipid and protein exchange must account for this variability. More importantly, since HDL has been repeatedly shown to be a negative risk factor in atherosclerosis, physical interactions have to be put in a physiological context. In this review, the lipid and protein exchange reactions of HDL with other lipoproteins, phospholipid vesicles, lipid-coated glass beads and isolated cells, will be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed on the role of the two major apoproteins of HDL, namely apo A-I and apo A-II, in these exchange reactions and a model will be presented to explain how these apoproteins might mediate lipid exchange, interconversions of lipoprotein particles, and the egress and excretion of lipid from cells.