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Solution and surface effects on plasma fibronectin structure.

N M Tooney, M W Mosesson, D L Amrani

    The Journal of Cell Biology
    |December 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Fibronectin molecule shape varies significantly based on solution conditions and surface interactions. Neutral pH on carbon films reveals a compact fibronectin form representative of physiological states.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • The shape of plasma fibronectin (FN) is known to vary, described as compact or elongated.
    • Understanding fibronectin's conformation is crucial for its biological functions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate how solution conditions and surface properties influence the shape of human plasma fibronectin.
    • To determine the representative conformation of fibronectin in physiological environments.

    Main Methods:

    • Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to visualize fibronectin.
    • Fibronectin was deposited under various pH, ionic strength, and surface conditions (carbon films, mica).
    • Sedimentation velocity experiments were employed to assess molecular unfolding.

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    Main Results:

    • At neutral pH (7.0-7.4) on carbon films, fibronectin appeared compact (24 nm x 16 nm) and pleiomorphic.
    • Lower pH (2.8), higher pH (9.3), succinylation, or increased ionic strength led to less compact, more unfolded fibronectin.
    • Fibronectin deposited on mica surfaces appeared elongated (120-130 nm), indicating surface-dependent conformational changes.

    Conclusions:

    • Fibronectin molecule shape is highly sensitive to solution pH, ionic strength, and the nature of the deposition surface.
    • The compact, pleiomorphic shape observed at neutral pH on carbon films represents fibronectin in a physiological state.
    • Electron microscopy is a valuable tool for studying fibronectin conformation under different conditions.