Internal fixation of malleolar fractures using the A.O. tension band wiring techniques

The principle of tension band wiring in open reduction and internal fixation of malleolar fractures is presented in three case reports. A brief history of the classification of ankle fractures is given so that the mechanism of injury can be understood. This must be known when attempts at closed or open reduction and immobilization are done. If closed reduction fails to bring about good anatomical reduction and alignment, the fracture must be openly reduced and internally fixated. The chief indications for tension band wiring are given, and their application in treating ankle fractures.