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Chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis.

S Sherlock

    Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Chronic hepatitis, a liver disease lasting over 6 months, has diverse causes and can lead to cirrhosis. Effective treatments vary by cause, with some therapies showing limited success for viral or autoimmune hepatitis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Hepatology
    • Internal Medicine
    • Gastroenterology

    Background:

    • Chronic hepatitis is diffuse liver disease lasting at least 6 months, potentially leading to cirrhosis.
    • Etiologies are multiple, including Hepatitis B, non-A, non-B viruses, autoimmune conditions, and drug toxicity.
    • Accurate diagnosis and prognosis are crucial for patient management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the definition, etiology, diagnosis, prognosis, and current therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis.
    • To highlight the challenges in managing different types of chronic hepatitis.
    • To outline indicators for terminal liver disease and the role of hepatic transplantation.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of chronic hepatitis definitions, causes, and treatments.
    • Discussion of diagnostic tools, including liver biopsy.
    • Analysis of therapeutic outcomes for various etiologies.

    Main Results:

    • Liver biopsy is essential for diagnosis and prognosis in chronic hepatitis.
    • Hepatitis B-related chronic hepatitis shows slow progression; antiviral therapy achieves a 50% conversion rate from HBeAg-positive to anti-HBe.
    • Non-A, non-B hepatitis lacks diagnostic markers and effective therapies; autoimmune hepatitis may be treated with prednisolone to prolong life but not prevent cirrhosis; drug-induced hepatitis resolves upon drug withdrawal.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic hepatitis management requires understanding its specific etiology.
    • Current therapies offer variable success rates and do not always prevent disease progression.
    • Identifying terminal disease is key for considering interventions like hepatic transplantation.

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