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Total intravenous hyperalimentation (TIH) complications in childhood: a radiological survey
Insights
Total intravenous hyperalimentation (TIH) in infants showed non-pathological catheter issues and 14 complications. Serious risks included thrombosis, infection, and venous damage, requiring careful consideration of the procedure.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Medicine
- Surgical Complications
- Nutritional Support
Background:
- Total intravenous hyperalimentation (TIH) is a critical nutritional support method for infants.
- Assessing the safety and complications of TIH in neonates and infants is essential for clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the incidence and types of complications associated with total intravenous hyperalimentation (TIH) in pediatric patients.
- To identify serious adverse events and catheter-related issues in infants undergoing TIH.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 60 pediatric patients (1 day to 12 months old) receiving TIH.
- Documentation of catheter positions, malpositions, and all observed complications.
Main Results:
- Non-pathological catheter malpositions were observed.
- Fourteen patients experienced complications, including thrombus formation, superior vena cava occlusion, hydrothorax, mediastinal effusion, septic arthritis, venous transfixion, vein wall lesions, and blocked catheter tips.
Conclusions:
- Total intravenous hyperalimentation (TIH) in infants is associated with a significant risk of complications.
- Careful monitoring and management are crucial to mitigate serious adverse events during TIH therapy in pediatric populations.
Abstract:
Sixty consecutive patients, except for one 7-year-old patient, their ages varying from 1 day to 12 months received total intravenous hyperalimentation (TIH). It was possible to observe non-pathological catheter malpositions and, in 14 patients, other complications. The most serious complications observed included the following: thrombus and pericatheter thrombus calcification; superior vena cava thrombotic occlusion; hydrothorax; mediastinal effusion; generalized septic arthritis; venous transfixion with flooding of the soft tissues of the neck; vein wall lesions; collateral vertebral circulation; and a catheter tip blocked in vein. A brief comment is given on the use of this procedure and what may happen.