A simple and accurate indirect calorimetry system for assessment of resting energy expenditure

An indirect calorimetry system was assembled from three readily available major components: a digital pneumotachograph, an oxygen analyzer, and a carbon dioxide analyzer. A one-way valve, face mask, and meteorological balloon completed the system. Accuracy was assessed by comparison to direct calorimetry in hospitalized patients undergoing enteral hyperalimentation. Each subject was on continuous infusion of formula during a 7-day metabolic balance. Direct and indirect calorimetry was performed over the last 4 days of the balance. The overall agreement between the two methods was within 1%. A simple and inexpensive calorimetry system can therefore be assembled to provide an accurate measure of resting energy expenditure.