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Intrauterine growth retardation.

N A Beischer, D A Abell, J H Drew

    The Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
    |November 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Fetal growth retardation is a major cause of perinatal death. Antenatal monitoring helps reduce stillbirths and improve infant survival, with most growth-restricted infants having a satisfactory prognosis.

    Area of Science:

    • Perinatal Medicine
    • Fetal Monitoring
    • Obstetrics

    Background:

    • Fetal growth retardation is a significant contributor to perinatal mortality.
    • Antenatal fetal monitoring is crucial for reducing stillbirths and improving outcomes for live-born infants.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the importance of identifying fetuses at risk of hypoxia, regardless of growth status.
    • To compare biochemical and ultrasonographic testing methods for antenatal fetal assessment.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizes antenatal fetal monitoring, including biochemical testing of fetoplacental function and cardiotocography.
    • Combines clinical assessment with biochemical and ultrasonographic testing to identify growth-retarded fetuses.

    Main Results:

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    • Current methods identify up to 70% of growth-retarded fetuses.
    • Not all small-for-dates fetuses are at risk, and some fetuses at risk are not growth-retarded.
    • The prognosis for growth-retarded infants managed with current methods is generally satisfactory.

    Conclusions:

    • Identifying fetuses at risk of hypoxia is paramount in obstetric care.
    • Biochemical and ultrasonographic tests have different aims and are not directly comparable.
    • With appropriate antenatal management and delivery timing, most growth-retarded infants have positive physical and intellectual outcomes.