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Intrajejunal feeding: development and current status.

J A Ryan, C P Page

    JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
    |March 1, 1984
    PubMed
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    Jejunostomy feeding, crucial for malnourished patients from 1930-1950, saw a decline with intravenous therapy but is now resurging due to advances in nutritional support and defined diets.

    Area of Science:

    • Surgical Nutrition
    • Gastrointestinal Surgery
    • Medical History

    Background:

    • Jejunostomy feeding was historically vital for nutritional support in surgical patients, particularly those with advanced gastric cancer or post-gastrectomy.
    • The advent of intravenous fluid therapy and later total parenteral nutrition led to a decreased reliance on jejunostomy.
    • Contemporary challenges in managing complex gastrointestinal diseases necessitate a re-evaluation of enteral feeding methods.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To trace the historical evolution and changing utility of jejunostomy in surgical practice.
    • To examine the factors influencing the decline and subsequent resurgence of jejunostomy feeding.
    • To highlight the renewed interest in jejunostomy as an adjunct for nutritional support in complex surgical cases.

    Main Methods:

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    • Historical review of surgical techniques and nutritional support practices.
    • Analysis of the impact of evolving medical technologies on feeding modalities.
    • Examination of contemporary surgical challenges and nutritional support strategies.

    Main Results:

    • Jejunostomy was a primary feeding method from 1930-1950, especially after gastrectomy, before widespread intravenous therapy.
    • Factors like improved intravenous therapy, fewer gastrectomies, and total parenteral nutrition reduced jejunostomy use post-1950.
    • Advances in defined formula diets and a better understanding of gut function have led to a renewed appreciation for jejunostomy.

    Conclusions:

    • Jejunostomy feeding has a significant historical role in surgical nutrition.
    • Despite technological advancements, jejunostomy remains a valuable option for nutritional support.
    • The resurgence of jejunostomy reflects a broader trend towards optimizing gut function in postoperative care.