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Related Experiment Videos

Estriol in human breast cyst fluid.

U Raju, H L Bradlow, M Levitz

    Journal of Steroid Biochemistry
    |April 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Breast cysts increase cancer risk. Researchers found high levels of estriol-3-sulfate (E3-3S) in breast cyst fluid, suggesting local synthesis within the cyst, not from blood. This may explain the link between cysts and breast cancer risk.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Breast cysts are common and associated with a 2-4 fold increased risk of breast cancer.
    • The hormonal etiology linking breast cysts to increased cancer risk is not fully understood.
    • Steroid levels in breast cyst fluid (BCF) have been analyzed to explore this correlation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the hormonal differences in breast cyst fluid (BCF) compared to blood.
    • To identify specific steroids elevated in BCF and explore their origin.
    • To determine the potential role of estriol-3-sulfate (E3-3S) in the association between breast cysts and cancer risk.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of steroid concentrations in breast cyst fluid (BCF) and serum from normal women.
    • Comparison of levels of various steroids, including 17-ketosteroids, estrone sulfate, estradiol-3-sulfate, and estriol-3-sulfate (E3-3S).
    • Investigated the origin of E3-3S by injecting radiolabeled E3-3S and analyzing its blood half-life and concentration in BCF, as well as analyzing nipple aspirates.

    Main Results:

    • Elevated levels of 17-ketosteroids, estrone sulfate, and estradiol-3-sulfate were found in BCF compared to blood.
    • Estriol-3-sulfate (E3-3S) showed the most dramatic difference, with very high concentrations in BCF (187-6134 pg/ml) and barely detectable levels in serum from normal women.
    • Injected [3H]E3-3S was not concentrated in BCF, and its blood half-life was short, suggesting it is not efficiently taken up from the blood into BCF.
    • E3-3S was undetectable in breast nipple aspirates from normal women.

    Conclusions:

    • Estriol-3-sulfate (E3-3S) is significantly elevated in breast cyst fluid (BCF).
    • The data suggest that E3-3S is synthesized locally by the cyst's epithelial lining and released into the BCF.
    • Inefficient efflux of E3-3S from the BCF may contribute to its high concentration, potentially playing a role in the increased breast cancer risk associated with breast cysts.

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