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The receptor function of galactosyltransferase during cellular interactions.

B D Shur

    Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
    |January 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cell surface galactosyltransferase acts as a receptor, mediating cellular interactions during development. This enzyme binds to specific glycoconjugate substrates, influencing processes like fertilization and embryonic development.

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    Area of Science:

    • Developmental Biology
    • Cellular Biology
    • Glycobiology

    Background:

    • Cellular interactions are crucial for development but their molecular mechanisms are not fully understood.
    • Complex glycoconjugates are implicated in cellular interactions via cell surface receptors.
    • Glycosyltransferases, a class of carbohydrate-binding proteins, are found on cell surfaces and may act as receptors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the receptor function of galactosyltransferase in various developmental processes.
    • To explore the role of galactosyltransferase in fertilization, embryonic cell adhesion, migration, limb morphogenesis, immune recognition, and growth control.
    • To summarize evidence linking surface galactosyltransferase to the T/t-complex in mice.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on galactosyltransferase function.
    • Examination of genetic and biochemical probes, including T/t-complex mutants, enzyme inhibitors, modifiers, and competitive substrates.
    • Analysis of studies investigating the binding of galactosyltransferase to its specific carbohydrate substrates.

    Main Results:

    • Surface galactosyltransferase functions as a receptor mediating cellular interactions.
    • The enzyme binds to specific glycoconjugate substrates, often composed of N-acetyllactosamine residues.
    • In mice, surface galactosyltransferase activity is genetically controlled by the T/t-complex.

    Conclusions:

    • Surface galactosyltransferase plays a significant role in multiple cellular interactions during development.
    • Binding to lactosaminoglycan substrates is a key mechanism for galactosyltransferase's function in cellular interactions.
    • Further research into glycosyltransferase receptor function can elucidate developmental processes.

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