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Plasma cortisol transport and primate evolution.

M M Pugeat, G P Chrousos, B C Nisula

    Endocrinology
    |July 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary
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    New World primates have significantly lower cortisol-binding globulin (CBG) capacity and affinity compared to other primates. This evolutionary trait may explain their resistance to glucocorticoids.

    Area of Science:

    • Primate evolutionary biology
    • Endocrinology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Primates are divided into prosimians, Old World primates, and New World primates.
    • New World primates exhibit high cortisol levels and glucocorticoid resistance.
    • Cortisol-binding globulin (CBG) plays a crucial role in regulating cortisol bioavailability.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the phylogenetic relationships of cortisol-binding globulin (CBG) across diverse primate species.
    • To characterize the binding capacity and affinity of CBG for cortisol in different primate groups.
    • To explore the evolutionary implications of CBG variations in primates.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied a wide range of primate species from prosimian, Old World, and New World groups.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed CBG glycosylation using lectin interactions.
  • Analyzed CBG electrophoretic mobility and cortisol-binding characteristics (affinity and capacity).

    • Main Results:

    • Primate CBG is glycosylated and shows similar electrophoretic mobility to human CBG.
    • CBG affinity for cortisol varied among species, but temperature effects were consistent.
    • New World primates displayed 10-100 fold lower CBG-binding capacity and reduced cortisol-binding affinity compared to Old World primates and prosimians.

    Conclusions:

    • New World primates have a significantly higher fraction of unbound plasma cortisol due to reduced CBG capacity and affinity.
    • This altered CBG profile in New World primates may be an evolutionary adaptation to their inherent resistance to glucocorticoids.