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Radiation leakage from linac electron applicator assembly.

R A Keys, J A Purdy

International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics

|May 1, 1984

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Electron beam applicators on linear accelerators were assessed for radiation leakage. Measurements showed minimal leakage at the patient surface, though some areas on the applicator exterior require shielding improvements.

Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiation Oncology
Radiological Physics

Background:

Linear accelerators (LINACs) utilize electron beam applicator systems for radiation therapy.
Photon collimator jaws are automatically set larger than the electron field size, necessitating evaluation of external radiation leakage.

Purpose of the Study:

To quantify leakage radiation from 10 cm x 10 cm and 25 cm x 25 cm electron beam applicators.
To ensure no high dose regions exist outside the useful beam during electron beam therapy.

Main Methods:

Ionization and film measurements were performed with electron beams ranging from 6 to 20 MeV.
Leakage radiation was assessed at the patient's surface and on the applicator's external surface.
Measurements were conducted using 10 cm x 10 cm and 25 cm x 25 cm applicators.

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Main Results:

Ionization levels at the patient surface were generally below 5% of the central axis dose.
A specific region for the 25 cm applicator showed 8.5% ionization, reducible with lead shielding.
Higher ionization levels were detected on the external surface of the 25 cm applicator at certain locations.

Conclusions:

Electron beam applicators generally maintain low leakage radiation at the patient surface.
The 25 cm applicator may require additional shielding on its exterior to mitigate higher localized dose levels.
These findings are crucial for ensuring patient safety and optimizing radiation shielding in LINAC treatments.