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Related Experiment Videos

Failure to detect an amorphous calcium-phosphate solid phase in bone mineral: a radial distribution function study.

M D Grynpas, L C Bonar, M J Glimcher

    Calcified Tissue International
    |May 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study found no evidence of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) in bone, challenging the long-held theory that it is the initial bone mineral phase. Bone mineral composition does not appear to change significantly with age or maturation as previously suggested.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomineralization
    • Bone Biology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • The prevailing theory suggests amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) is the initial mineral phase in bone.
    • It is believed that ACP transforms into crystalline hydroxyapatite during bone maturation and aging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and quantity of amorphous calcium phosphate in bone.
    • To determine if the amount of amorphous calcium phosphate changes with age and maturation.

    Main Methods:

    • X-ray diffraction radial distribution function analysis was employed.
    • Cortical bone samples from embryonic and posthatch chicks of various ages were analyzed.
    • A low-density fraction of embryonic bone was also examined.

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    Main Results:

    • No evidence of amorphous calcium phosphate was detected in any bone samples.
    • The detection limit of the method was sensitive enough to identify as little as 12.5% synthetic ACP added to bone.
    • The radial distribution function analysis did not support the presence of ACP in newly formed bone mineral.

    Conclusions:

    • The theory that amorphous calcium phosphate is the initial solid mineral phase deposited in bone is not supported by these findings.
    • The current understanding of bone mineral deposition and maturation needs re-evaluation.
    • The proposed role of ACP in bone maturation and aging is unsubstantiated by this research.