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Insulin effect on fetal glucose utilization.

M A Simmons, M D Jones, F C Battaglia

    Pediatric Research
    |February 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Administering insulin to fetal sheep significantly increased glucose uptake and utilization without affecting oxygen consumption or blood flow. This demonstrates insulin's specific role in enhancing fetal glucose metabolism.

    Area of Science:

    • Perinatal Physiology
    • Fetal Metabolism
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Fetal glucose metabolism is critical for growth and development.
    • Insulin plays a key role in glucose homeostasis in adults.
    • The specific effects of insulin on fetal glucose utilization are not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of exogenous insulin on fetal glucose uptake and utilization in sheep.
    • To determine if insulin affects other key fetal physiological parameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Insulin was infused into fetal sheep over a 3-hour period at a controlled rate.
    • Fetal glucose uptake, oxygen consumption, and umbilical blood flow were measured.
    • Placental clearances of antipyrine and urea were assessed.

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    Main Results:

    • Insulin infusion significantly increased fetal glucose uptake (utilization) by approximately 57%.
    • Fetal plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly during insulin administration.
    • Fetal oxygen consumption, umbilical blood flow, and placental clearances of antipyrine and urea remained unchanged.

    Conclusions:

    • Insulin has a specific and potent effect on increasing fetal glucose uptake and utilization.
    • These findings highlight insulin's crucial role in regulating fetal glucose metabolism independently of other physiological parameters.