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Delayed-impact infectious disease after a natural disaster.

R A Bissell

    The Journal of Emergency Medicine
    |January 1, 1983
    PubMed
    Summary

    Recent disaster studies show few infectious disease increases. However, this study found significant post-hurricane disease spikes in the Dominican Republic, highlighting the need for robust disease control in disaster relief.

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    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Disaster Medicine

    Background:

    • Recent natural disaster studies indicate minimal increases in post-disaster infectious diseases.
    • This has led to reduced emphasis on disease control within disaster relief efforts.
    • Limited research exists on the long-term infectious disease impact following major natural disasters.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence of infectious diseases following two major hurricanes in the Dominican Republic.
    • To identify specific diseases that showed significant changes in prevalence post-disaster.
    • To explore potential contributing factors to any observed increases in infectious diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of infectious disease data from the Dominican Republic before and after two major hurricanes.
    • Comparison of disease incidence rates for five specific infectious diseases.
    • Correlation analysis to identify potential links between environmental factors and disease outbreaks.

    Main Results:

    • A significant increase in four out of five studied infectious diseases was observed post-hurricanes.
    • The most substantial increases in disease incidence occurred several months after the hurricanes.
    • No significant increase was noted for one of the five diseases studied.

    Conclusions:

    • Hurricanes can lead to significant, delayed increases in infectious disease incidence.
    • Overcrowded, unsanitary refugee conditions and waterborne pathogens from flooding are likely contributors.
    • Disaster preparedness and relief programs must prioritize robust, long-term infectious disease surveillance and control measures.

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