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Chromosomal changes associated with changes in development.

C J Bostock

    Journal of Embryology and Experimental Morphology
    |November 1, 1984
    PubMed
    Summary

    Genomes are more dynamic than previously thought, with chromosomal changes crucial for normal development. Disruptions in these rearrangements can lead to developmental issues.

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    Area of Science:

    • Genetics
    • Developmental Biology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Historically, chromosome structure, number, and content were emphasized for their constancy.
    • Exceptions were often dismissed as aberrations or oddities.
    • Emerging evidence highlights genome plasticity and the role of structural chromosomal changes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review structural changes in chromosomes during normal development.
    • To discuss consequences of errors in rearrangement mechanisms.
    • To emphasize the dynamic nature of genomes.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies on chromosomal changes in development.
    • Analysis of examples from various organisms (protozoa, higher organisms, lymphocytes, trypanosomes).
    • Discussion of the impact of transposable elements.

    Main Results:

    • Genome plasticity is a key feature of normal differentiation and development.
    • Elimination of chromosome sets or parts, and selective gene amplification occur in normal development.
    • Chromosomal rearrangements are documented in B- and T-lymphocytes and trypanosomes.

    Conclusions:

    • Structural chromosomal changes are integral to normal development.
    • Transposable elements can disrupt development if they affect critical genes.
    • Dysfunctional rearrangement mechanisms can have severe developmental consequences.

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