Non-pelvic abdominal ultrasound: an overview for emergency physicians

Ultrasound scanning is a very useful technique for diagnosing emergent abdominal conditions and diseases. Of the two types of scanning that can be done, real-time imaging is more useful under emergency conditions than static imaging. Real-time scanning equipment is portable, easy to operate, and can be used on acutely ill and poorly cooperative patients. Real-time scanners readily image fixed organs as well as mobile structures and substances in the abdomen. Scanning is very accurate in the diagnosis of cholelithiasis, common hepatic duct obstruction, pancreatic pseudocyst, obstructive uropathy, and aortic aneurysms. It has also been found to be of value in recognizing acute cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and renal transplant rejection. Although it is not currently a common practice, emergency physicians can be trained to perform this diagnostic procedure and interpret the resulting scanning images.