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Sleep-induced ventilatory dysfunction in Down's syndrome.

R W Clark, H S Schmidt, D E Schuller

Archives of Internal Medicine

|January 1, 1980

Summary

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Patients with Down syndrome can experience severe breathing problems during sleep, including airway obstruction. These breathing issues may contribute to pulmonary hypertension in this population.

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Neurology
Genetics

Background:

Down syndrome is associated with various health complications.
Sleep-related breathing disorders are common in the general population.

Observation:

Three patients with Down syndrome exhibited severe sleep-induced ventilatory failure.
Cheyne-Stokes respiration with upper airway obstruction was noted.
Two patients had anatomical otolaryngologic factors contributing to airway issues.

Findings:

A combination of central nervous system and mechanical factors likely contributes to sleep apnea in Down syndrome.
Protriptyline hydrochloride showed improvement in one patient.
Sleep-related ventilatory failure may be an underlying cause of pulmonary hypertension in Down syndrome.

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Implications:

Early identification and management of sleep-related breathing disorders are crucial for patients with Down syndrome.
Addressing these respiratory issues may prevent or mitigate pulmonary hypertension.
Further research into the pathogenesis and treatment of sleep apnea in Down syndrome is warranted.