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Related Experiment Videos

Overcoming Stroop interference: the effects of practice on distractor potency.

D Reisberg, J Baron, D G Kemler

    Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
    |February 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    Practice can reduce the impact of distracting stimuli, but this effect is highly specific. Learning to ignore certain number distractors does not generalize to other number pairs, though it may transfer to word meanings.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Neuroscience
    • Attention Studies

    Background:

    • Distracting stimuli can impair performance on cognitive tasks.
    • The Stroop task is a common paradigm to study interference and attention.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate whether practice reduces the distracting effect of stimuli.
    • To determine the specificity of practice-based reductions in distraction.

    Main Methods:

    • Subjects practiced a digit-counting task with Stroop-type interference.
    • Tested transfer of practice effects to different distractor pairs and related stimuli.

    Main Results:

    • Practice significantly reduced the distractibility of specific digit pairs.

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  • This reduction was highly specific, with no transfer between different digit pairs.
  • Practice effects transferred to stimuli with the same semantic meaning (e.g., "TWO" and "FOUR").

    • Conclusions:

    • Practice can lead to specific suppression of distracting stimuli.
    • Results support theories of active response suppression or habituation of competing responses.