Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Videos

Classification in well-defined and ill-defined categories: evidence for common processing strategies.

R C Martin, A Caramazza

    Journal of Experimental Psychology. General
    |September 1, 1980
    PubMed
    Summary

    People use logical rules to categorize items, whether categories have clear features or not. This suggests rule-based classification, not just similarity, drives how we understand categories.

    Related Concept Videos

    You might also read

    Related Articles

    Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

    Sort by
    Same author

    The form of reference frames in vision: The case of intermediate shape-centered representations.

    Neuropsychologia·2021
    Same author

    First Report of Cocksfoot Mottle Virus Infecting Dactylis glomerata in Forage Production Fields in California.

    Plant disease·2018
    Same author

    Safety and advantages of combined resection and microwave ablation in patients with bilobar hepatic malignancies.

    International journal of hyperthermia : the official journal of European Society for Hyperthermic Oncology, North American Hyperthermia Group·2016
    Same author

    The role of LIFG-based executive control in sentence comprehension.

    Cognitive neuropsychology·2015
    Same author

    Categorizing with overlapping categories.

    Memory & cognition·2013
    Same author

    Heterogeneity of deficits in developmental dyslexia and implications for methodology.

    Psychonomic bulletin & review·2013

    Area of Science:

    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Perception and Cognition

    Background:

    • Early categorization theories proposed criterial features and logical rules.
    • More recent theories suggest ill-defined structures and probabilistic or similarity models.
    • Categorization models often rely on distance in multidimensional feature spaces.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Compare different categorization models using both well-defined and ill-defined categories.
    • Investigate the role of features (criterial, defining, characteristic) in category membership verification.
    • Determine how subjects classify exemplars under different category structures.

    Main Methods:

    • Multidimensional scaling to analyze feature spaces of schematic faces.
    • Category verification tasks with reaction time and typicality judgments.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Similarity judgments of face pairs to assess feature influence.

    • Main Results:

    • Weak support for the feature comparison model; subjects developed logical rules for classification.
    • Characteristic features impacted reaction times only when integrated into a subject's rule system.
    • Ill-defined categories showed correlations with similarity models, but rule-based classification dominated.

    Conclusions:

    • Subjects consistently attempt to develop feature-testing rule systems for classification, regardless of category structure.
    • Probabilistic and similarity models may reflect efficient rule use and averaged responses across diverse rule systems.
    • Understanding categorization requires acknowledging the active construction of classification rules by individuals.